Peridot is generally forsterite and chrysolite; it is clinopyroxene and clinopyroxene;the accessory minerals are chromium spinel and other metallic minerals.In terms of chemical composition, peridotite is characterized by SiO2<45%, poor in alkali, and rich in magnesium and iron. The fresh rock is olive green, with granular structure, mosaic structure, inclusion (olive) structure, network structure, interfill structure, sponge meteorite structure, metamorphic structure, exsolution structure and kink structure.
The alteration processes of peridotite include serpentinization, talc carbonation, chloritization, tremolization, hypobolite, brucitetization, idinization, saponitization, silicification, etc., among which serpentinization is the most common.During the serpentinization process, peridot mostly turns into serpentine, and orthopyroxene mostly turns into serite. According to the type and relative content of pyroxene in peridotite, it can be divided into harzburgite, monophyllite and lherzolite.
Peridotite can form single rock bodies or vertical lithofacies, and rock inclusions, and residual upper mantle rock fragments at the bottom of ophiolite sets. Minerals related to peridotite include copper-nickel ore, vanadium-titanium magnetite and platinum ore, etc.
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